Wall structure.



110.853.702. PATENTED MAT14,1907.'

J. LALLY.

WALL STRUCTURE.

APPLICATION FILED 00T. 6, 1905. l

2 SHEETS-SHEET Z.

JOHN LALLY, or

WALTHAM, MASSACHUSETTS.

WALL STRUCTURE.

Speccationof Letters Patent.

Patented May 14, 1907.

Application led October 6,1905. Serial No. 281,635.

To all whom t may concern:v

Be it known that I, JOHN LALLY, a citizen i of the United States,residing at Waltham, in the county of Middlesex and State ofMassachusetts, have invented a certain new and useful Wall Structure, ofwhich the following is a specification, reference beingliad therein tothe accompanying drawing.

This invention relates and has special reference to the construction ofcellar walls, the obiect of the invention being to provide a lightchambered wall to serve as a foundation or support for a superstructureand to combine with lightness, strength and the power of lateralresistance to a high degree.'

The improved wall structure is' designed with the special idea ofresisting the inward pressure of the earth, which is often very great onaccount of changes in the seasons; also, to transfer the effect of suchinward pressure of the .earth to the anchoring devices w'hich hold downthe sill or sills of the superstructure, with the result that thegreater the inward pressure against the cellar walls, the greater willbe the tension and hold upon the sill or sills of the superstructure.

In addition to the pressure resisting p Y erties of the Wall, thelatter, by reason of its chambered or hollow'construction, isparticularly adapted to cellars and foundation walls, affording as itdoes, an effective air space for preventing dampness, and the chamberedWallis also tion than the ordinary solid wall.

With the above and other objects in view, the nature of which will morefully appear as the description proceeds, the invention consists in thenovel construction, combination and arrangement hereinafter fullydescribed, illustrated and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings :Figure l is a sectional plan view of awallstructure embodying the present invention,showing the Fig. 2 1s asimilar view showing a slightly different arrangement of the parts ofthe wall. Fig. 3 is a vertical transverse section through Fig. 1. lFig.4 is a transverse section through the arrangement shown in Fig. 2. Fig.5 is a sectional plan view of a slightly modified form of wall. Fig. 6illustrates another modication in. the wall structure.

g 5 Figs. 7 and 8 are detail views showing a differcheaper inconstrucent manner'of bracing the joint between the wall andsuperstructure. The structural wall contemplated in this inventionischam'bered or'hollow and .com-

connections between the said sides. Piers 5 are also arranged atintervals along the outer side and preferably in line with the septums4. In addition to t e septums and piers, braces 6 may be loand formbracing a head 10, which is embedded in the base 7 as shown in Fig. 3.The upper end of the brace 6 may be bolted to the sill or floor beam ofthe superstructure as shown at 11 or otherwise connected thereto. Thebraces 6 are preferably equal in number to the piers,

l sure and consequently prevent the-breaking .simpler and cheaper formof construction.

inward of derstood.

In the arrangement shown in Fig. l the opposite inner surfaces of theouter and inner sides of the wall are straight and parallel.

desired, however, the outer side l may be concavo-convex or bowed bothas to its outer and inner surfaces, and the number of septums 4 may beincreased as shown in said Fig. 6. Again, the outer side 2 may be perthewall 1n a manner readily unfectly straight, both as to its outer andinner surfaces as shown in Fig. 2, but the arrangement shown in Fig. 1is preferred, because of its capability of withstanding a greater amountof inward pressure. Anchor rods 13 extend from the base upward throughthe wall structure and connect with the superstructure as bestillustrated in Fig. 4, in which it will be seen that each anchor rod isprovided with an enlarged head at its lower end, which is embedded orlet into the base 7 rlhe upper end of the rod preferably extends throughthe sill or beam of the superstructure and receives a retaining nut 15threaded thereon. Extending horizontally across each of the anchor rods13 is a plurality of stays 16. rlhese stays are arrange usually upon theouter sides of the anchor rods and project horizontally into theportions of the wall lying on opposite sides of said rods so as toobtain a firm hold thereon, and prevent the breaking down of the wall atthe angles formed by the septums which intervene between the outer andinner sides of the walls. In this way the inward strain or pressureagainst the wall is to a considerable degree transmitted to the anchorrods 13, and the latter are thereby caused to exert a greater tension onthe superstructure, holding the latter firmly down upon the wall as awhole. r1`he stays 16 may be arranged both within the inner side and theouter sde of the wall, and, as shown in Figs. 2 and 5, the stays may bemade practically continuous, running horizontally the entire length ofthe wall, or as far as may be found necessary in order to give therequired strength to the wall as a whole. 18 designates the fioor orfloor timbers which may rest directly upon the base 7. The bowed oroutwardly offset portions of the wall need only extend to a pointadjacent to the grade or ground level as indicated in Fig. 3, while theremainder of the wall above grade may be constructed as shown in Figs. 2and 4, Fig. 1 illustating a section of the underground portion of thewall, and Fig. 2 illustrating a section of the wall above ground. Y

The structural wall hereinabove described may be formed of concrete insuitable molds or `may be made up of blocks of suitable shape, in whichlatter case the blocks will be provided with cavities to receive theheads 10 and 11 of the braces and anchor rods. The blocks will also beformed with passages for the anchor rods and stays. Not only is the walllighter than the ordinary solid wall, but, by reason of the particularconstruction described, such wall has much greater resisting ower in alateral direction, and also provides for an efficient air space betweenthe outer and inner sides of the wall.

Ventilating openings, 19 and 20, may be formed in the inner side, and inthe outer side, 1, the ground, and said openings may be sl atted ifdesired. The openings, 19 and 20, afford ventilation for the air spacesand permit the evaporation of moisture which may accumulate therein inrainy weather.

fn some cases, the braces, 6, and stays or anchors, 13, may be omitted,and in lieu thereof stops, 21, may be secured to the sills, 8, or floorbeams, 9, as shown respectively in Figs. 7 and 8, said stops beingfastened. to the bottoms of the sills or floor beams in contact with theinner surface of the inner side of the wall for bracing the wall againstthe inward pressure of the earth. Stays, 22, in the form of dowelepinsmay, in such case, tbe placed across the joint between the wall andsuperstructure, as shownin Figs. 7 and S.

f claim 1. An integral foundation or cellar wall structure embodyinginner and outer sidcs leaving an intervening air chamber between saidsides, septums crossing the air chamber and connecting the sides, asupporting base for the sides a superstructure resting on the sides, andupright braces at the inner side of the wall structure having means atopposite ends thereof to engage the base and superstructure.

2. An integral foundation or cellar wall structure embodying outer andinner sides leaving an intervening air chamber, septums connecting thesides, a supporting base for said sides, a beam resting upon both ofsaid sides, anchor rods extending from the base upward in line with theseptums and connected to said beam, and stays extending across andbeyond the planes of the septums and anchor rods and located within oneof the sides and upon the outer sides of the anchor rods.

3. An integral foundation or cellar wall structure embodying outer andinner sidcs leaving an intervening air chamber, septums connecting thesides, a supporting base for said sides, a beam resting upon both of thesides, anchor rods extending from the base upward in line with theseptums and connected to said beam,stays extending across and beyond theplanes of the septums and anchor rods and located within one of thcsides and upon the outer side of the anchor rods, and other sti ysparallel to the 'first named stays embedded in the other side of thewall.

In testimony whereof f a'llix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JOHN RALLY.

2, near the floor, 1S, above the surface of Witnesses:

FRANK P. KENNEY, THOMAS F. KEARNS.

IOC

